How to Verify Land Ownership in Nigeria (Lagos, Abuja, Ogun, Oyo, etc.)

Imagine this: You just found the perfect plot of land. The price is right, the location is prime, and the seller seems trustworthy. Everything looks good—until you discover, too late, that the land has multiple owners, a hidden government acquisition, or worse, belongs to someone else entirely.

This is the nightmare of many land buyers in Nigeria. But it doesn’t have to be yours. Before making any payment, you must verify land ownership properly. Here’s how to do it:

1. Conduct a Search at the Land Registry

Each state has a Land Registry where all legally owned lands are documented. Whether you’re buying in Lagos, Abuja, Ogun, or Oyo, start by visiting the relevant Land Bureau to check if the seller truly owns the land and if there are any encumbrances (e.g., disputes, loans, or government acquisitions).

2. Get a Survey Plan and Verify It

A Survey Plan is a map showing the land’s location and coordinates. Ask the seller for it and take it to the Office of the Surveyor-General in the state where the land is located. This helps confirm if the land falls under government acquisition or is free for private ownership.

3. Verify the Title Documents

Common land titles in Nigeria include:

• Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) – Shows official ownership for 99 years.
• Governor’s Consent – Necessary when land with a C of O is being resold.
• Excision & Gazette – Confirms if the land has been officially released by the government for private ownership.

Ensure these documents are “genuine and registered” by cross-checking with the state Land Bureau.

4. Engage a Lawyer & Conduct Due Diligence

Never rely solely on the seller’s claims. Hire a real estate lawyer to conduct due diligence. They can check for legal disputes, confirm ownership, and ensure that all documents are authentic.

5. Visit the Land & Speak to Locals

Beyond the paperwork, go to the land in person. Speak to neighbors and community members to uncover any hidden issues, such as family disputes or multiple sales of the same land.

Final Thoughts: Protect Your Investment!

Buying land without proper verification is like walking blindfolded into a trap. Take the right steps to secure your investment and avoid costly regrets.

Want expert help in verifying land before you buy? Contact us today and let’s protect your real estate investment!